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	<title>Your Story</title>
	<updated>2008-08-20T23:56:17Z</updated>
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	<entry>
		<title>Retired Teacher</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/06/10/retired-teacher.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-06-10:e90cb714-c6d8-4c0f-b71e-8c4990997240</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Memorable moments" />
		<updated>2008-06-10T09:50:44Z</updated>
		<published>2008-06-10T09:47:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT size=2>I grew up in Grand Junction and often skied at Aspen.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>In the </FONT><FONT size=2>1940s we stayed at the Jerome Hotel for fifty cents a night and had </FONT><FONT size=2>meals there of similar price.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>Bathrooms were down the hall. We skied </FONT><FONT size=2>out the front door<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>to the rope tow on AJax.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN>Those were the days !!!<BR><BR></P>
<P class=MsoPlainText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><FONT face=Consolas size=3><FONT face=Verdana size=2>Elinor MCginn</FONT> </FONT></P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Dr. Robert Oden, 1922</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/dr-robert-oden-1922.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:25a7f9e2-6b23-40fd-985c-c5577f5d4e5e</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Activism" />
		<category term="characters" />
		<category term="Skiing" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T20:57:19Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T20:52:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<FONT size=2><IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Bob_Oden.jpg" width=396 border=0>&nbsp;
<P>Bob Oden 1922</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>present</P>
<P>Dr. Bob Oden (that is pronounced O</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>Dane for non-Scandinavians) is one of the kindest, most beloved physicians in Aspen </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>—</FONT><FONT size=2> a description he shares gladly with his close friend, Harold Whitcomb, aka Dr. Whit. The stories of his generosity and caring would fill many books as he has extended the principles of the Hippocratic oath to every facet of his life. </P>
<P>My husband tells me he "got to go to college" because of Dr. Bob. While Aspen stories abound about the good doctor, not many know this one. Bob was serving as chief flight surgeon in the Air Force during the Korean War. He was appalled to discover that his wounded colleagues were not getting proper care and seemed to have been forgotten. He lobbied acquaintance General Curtis LeMay (who was unaware of the veterans’ plight) to assure that proper benefits were allocated by the government. As a result, the G.I. Bill was successfully carried through the U.S. Congress, and many veterans were deservedly rewarded.</P>
<P>Dr. Bob served for many years as a U.S. Ski Team doctor and has been inducted into the national, Colorado, and Aspen ski halls of fame. He holds other honors </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>—</FONT><FONT size=2> too many to list. However, his personal sense of accomplishment comes not with recognition but with the pleasure of watching his handiwork give success to people’s lives.</P></FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>
<P>–</FONT><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Georgia Hanson</FONT></P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Bridger Gile 1999</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/bridger-gile-1999.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:8b691586-6f22-4c08-95eb-a8d9fe98dcf6</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="school" />
		<category term="characters" />
		<category term="Family" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T20:52:32Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T20:48:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<FONT size=2><IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Bridger_Gile__Gile_Family.jpg" width=700 border=0>&nbsp;
<P>Bridger Gile 1999</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>present</P>
<P>Hi, my name is Bridger Gile. After being featured in two Warren Miller Films, winning a NASTAR national title and skiing 80 days a year, I am finally attending kindergarten. At first I was worried that school was going to squeeze my ski time, but like any true Aspen local, I think I’ve figured out a way to get in plenty of vertical </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>—</FONT><FONT size=2> half-time kindergarten and the new Deep Temerity lift at Highlands!</P>
<P>I can’t wait for winter, although summer hasn’t been so bad. I’ve been playing soccer, golf, competing on the swim team, riding my bike, and working on my cliff-hucking (jumping the punchbowl at the Grottos). I even got to go to France to see Lance Armstrong win the Tour. That was exciting!</P>
<P>Wax up those skis and I’ll see you on the hill soon.</P>
<P>(written by Bridger </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2> 2005 - with a little help!)</P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Amous Bourquin 1857 to 1943</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/amous-bourquin-1857-to-1943.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:e870401f-bf12-4b90-af5f-a34ae7d561cc</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Mining" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T20:48:11Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T20:43:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<FONT size=2><IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Borquin__Early_Aspen_81_59_324.jpg" width=700 border=0>&nbsp;
<P>Amous Bourquin 1857</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>1943</P>
<P>Letter from Aspen, Colo., April 17, 1881</P>
<P>Dear Jule:</P>
<P>I have been here a couple weeks so I will try to let you know what little I can of Aspen. I will begin at Denver. I left there in the morning about half sick. Reached Leadville 7:30 pm. I had intended to stop in Leadville one day to look around the City but a couple of hours the next morning satisfied me as it was a cloudy day and very muddy and cold. I then took the stage for Independence 35 miles but the snow got so soft before night that we had to stop at the foot of the range 10 miles from Independence. We started again at three o’clock in the morning in order to cross the range while the snow was frozen. We reached Independence for breakfast, and it was a hard old breakfast for a fellow that had a hard days walk to do here the less. I left my baggage for the jack train fitted on my gum boots and prepared for a snowey tussel for Aspen. Reached here about five o’clock and found the boys all well.</P>
<P>A. D. Bourquin</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>(letter is edited </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2> full letter on file at Aspen Historical Society.) </P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Bill Heron - 1897 to 1970's</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/bill-heron--1897-to-1970s.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:18ae6fe3-bfa8-4cda-bd1b-2df1d1df9b99</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Family" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T20:43:14Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T19:58:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<FONT size=2><IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Bill_Herron_77_11_7.jpg" width=700 border=0>&nbsp;
<P>Bill Herron 1897</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>circa 1970s</P>
<P>Bill Herron was an Aspen-born, lifelong silver miner who staunchly believed that the mining glory days in his beloved hometown would return.</P>
<P>As a newcomer in the early 1950s, I first saw Bill and a few old-timers clustered around the brass spittoon wisely provided by the postmaster, Alton Beck, in the post office (now Amen Wardy’s site). They were peering through the steamy window, watching skiers on Aspen Mountain. They used the P.O. as a warm place to meet and talk. "Look at them crazy snowsliders. You ask me, they got rocks in their heads, messing around like that!"</P>
<P>That was Bill Herron addressing his cronies. It was mystifying to them that these strangers were paying money to play in the snow, on the same steep mountainside that all the miners had to climb to get to work during the "good old days."</P>
<P>I met Bill at his mother’s home on Main Street (now Herron Apartments). He lived with Cassie, his 85-year-old mother, but his real headquarters was the Red Onion. Since our family’s bed-and-breakfast inn was across the street, I’d visit with Cassie often and hear the latest gossip.</P>
<P>Bill and his pals took comfort in "Beer Gulch," sharing pitchers and moodily recalling how things used to be before the music people and snowsliders discovered Aspen. Beer was the drink of choice, unless someone stood them to something a bit stronger. It was beer, and Bill’s fondness for it, that was undoubtedly the reason the town marshal took Bill’s driver’s license away: "For his own good and that of the rest of town too." </P>
<P>His ancient Ford was retired among Cassie’s lilac bushes, between the rhubarb patch and the woodshed. "When are you going to get rid of that thing?" she’d ask. Bill would shrug, "Don’t know, maybe when I get my license back." </P>
<P>Almost every night, Bill would carry a hot meal home to his mother. He’d get the cook to wrap up the Onion’s special, and he’d walk clear across town with it, through stormy weather, if need be. It would always be a surprise meal for Cassie, because she never knew when he’d arrive or what he’d bring. </P>
<P>His Irish charm and inborn gallantry was a delight. There was always a slight bow, a tip of his hat and a flattering word when we met. He complimented our children and our "lucky husbands." He was a gentleman.</P>
<P>Bill moved to a boarding house in Glenwood Springs when Cassie died in 1962. We’d see him down at one of the riverside bars, where his portrait hung on the wall and he still held forth with a diminishing group of old-timers. He’d insist on buying us a beer, and we’d try to satisfy his curiosity about Aspen’s goings on. </P>
<P>When we asked about him a few months later, a grizzled old man mournfully shook his head.</P>
<P>"Old Bill has gone and died </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>—</FONT><FONT size=2> left us for good."</P></FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>
<P>–</FONT><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jony Larrowe</FONT></P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Al S. Lamb - 1855 to 1940</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/al-s-lamb--1855-to-1940.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:de09878e-d120-4421-bff3-d6c846bc8f1b</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="In Memory" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Mining" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T19:58:35Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T19:55:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<FONT size=2><IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Al_Lamb_(Max_on_left)_74_110_1287.jpg" width=700 border=0>&nbsp;
<P>Al S. Lamb 1855</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>1940 by Buzz Cooper and Larry Fredrick</P>
<P>In late 1886 or early 1887, Al Lamb, a pharmacist, decided to cast his lot with the new silver boom at Aspen. The Lamb Drug Store became the center of community affairs, and Lamb himself became a powerful influence in local government.</P>
<P>He won high regard for his integrity, enterprise and good citizenship. A good businessman, Lamb became well-known all over the state and his store was a genuine landmark. Many remember his old-fashioned soda fountain. To this day, there are old-timers who would have no remedies other than old "Doc" Lamb’s prescriptions.</P>
<P>Lamb was an active and early member of the Benevolent Order of Elks and the Lions Club, and a member of the State Board of Pharmacy. His active public spirit served not only Aspen, but the county and the state.</P>
<P>He loved the mountains, fishing and hunting, and he loved horses and dogs. It is said that his favorite spaniel died within 15 minutes after his beloved master. Lamb was so fond of his champion hunting dog Max that when Max died, Lamb had him stuffed. His granddaughter Peggy (Rowland) recalls that when she visited her grandfather, her errand was to dust off Max. </P>
<P></P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Betty Jane Harbour - circa 1950 arrival</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/betty-jane-harbour--circa-1950-arrival.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:934cc99f-97f6-40b2-86ea-4497b3959e4f</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Memorable moments" />
		<category term="characters" />
		<category term="Skiing" />
		<category term="Sports" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T19:50:27Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T19:46:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<FONT size=2><IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Betty_Jane_Harbour.jpg" width=538 border=0>&nbsp;
<P>Betty Jane Harbour</P>
<P>From Port Arthur, Texas, Betty Jane Harbour came to Aspen around 1950 with her husband Jack. She built the houses that bracket the east end of Castle Creek bridge.</P>
<P>Betty had a smile that could melt boilerplate and a foghorn of a voice. In the ’60s, during a whiteout on Aspen Mountain, Betty left the Sundeck with her ski class of 14. By the time they reached Little Nell, there were 44 terrified skiers following the sound of her voice.</P>
<P>After Jack’s death, Betty traveled the world, hunting big game in Alaska and living in the Maharani palace in Katmandu. She trekked to Everest base camp three times </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>—</FONT><FONT size=2> after losing a kneecap when her Norwegian Dun slipped and fell on her. Though she’d never finished high school, she enrolled at CU in Astrogeophysics just as her daughter Cyndie was finishing her master’s.</P>
<P>Betty died while she was building her fifth house, in the mountains of northern New Mexico. She’d been living in the first and only completed part of the house </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>—</FONT><FONT size=2> and the most important to her </FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>—</FONT><FONT size=2> the observatory tower.</P></FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>
<P>–</FONT><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Doug Franklin</FONT></P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Harley Baldwin</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/harley-baldwin.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:ed5c369a-9a4a-4202-92ce-01e615f9aed4</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="In Memory" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T19:40:34Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T19:25:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<FONT size=2><IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Baldwin.jpg" width=700 border=0>&nbsp;
<P>HARLEY BALDWIN 1945 - 2005</P>
<P>Harley Baldwin Harley was an Air Force brat often rumored to be heir to the Baldwin Piano fortune. Harley had a reputation, among those who didn’t know him very well, for being a tough business man and rather stingy with his time and his money. </P>
<P>In truth he was a soft touch and his generosity was the stuff of stories that will live for many generations. He just had an infuriating tendency to name-drop that gave him an aura of snobbism. It did put me off on many occasions, and I would leave the room feeling "less than" for not knowing of what he spake AND not wanting to admit it to him. I always attributed this annoyance to his need for approval.</P>
<P>At his core, Harley cared desperately about every living thing. I remember catching him with tears in his eyes, deep in a canyon on a camping trip to Lake Powell in 1970. There was a snowy egret perched high above us. It had reminded H.B. of the egret that had died when he and I both had jobs feeding the animals at the Syracuse Zoo during college.</P></FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>
<P>–</FONT><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Georgia Herrick Hanson </FONT></P>
<P>&nbsp;</P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Aspen State Teachers College</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/10/aspen-state-teachers-college.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-10:ab638c5f-2430-4724-bdba-d3df3ac1fc81</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Memorable moments" />
		<category term="Activism" />
		<category term="characters" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<updated>2008-03-10T19:24:41Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-10T19:20:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<IMG src="http://images.quickblogcast.com/1/4/1/9/0/116569-109141/Marc_Demmon_(L)___Al_Pendorf_(r)__CCassatt.jpg" width=700 border=0><BR><BR><FONT size=2>
<P>Dr. Slats Cabbage "The Dr. of Fluid Mechanics" (aka Marc Demmon) 1951</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>present</P>
<P>Slats was the manager for the Aspen Mine Company and announced "this will be your headquarters for the new mall construction." He told me about the Aspen State Teacher’s College and immediately dubbed me the Dean of Destruction. I think the "Cabbage Racing Team" was the spark that made the college a reality. Slats and I walked into City Market and he was carrying a 6-inch bolt in his hands. He walked up to the produce manager and said he wanted a big cabbage.</P>
<P>"How big?"</P>
<P>"One that will fit on this bolt!"</P>
<P>It became the hood ornament for the "Screamin’ Eagle" No. 137 race car. </P>
<P>ASTC was one of the cleverest ideas in America, and Slats and Al together were a formidable, hilarious team to watch. "Who the hell is Slats Cabbage?" Those who don’t know him have really missed something!</P></FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>
<P>–</FONT><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Big Jim Furniss, ASTC alumnus</FONT></P>
<P>Al Pendorf "Dean Fulton Bagley 1938</FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>–</FONT><FONT size=2>present </P>
<P>What can I say? It was the ’70s. I moved into an apartment with Jack the Butcher and a third "mystery roommate." I lived there for weeks before I ever met this other guy, but we left notes trying to figure each other out.</P>
<P>Finally, we bumped into each other in the hall and I met Al Pendorf, a man on the go (and it was not just work). As the offseason waned (there really was an offseason then), we looked at each other one fall evening and decided to go into town to check out the "freshman class" of new winter season arrivals. Ah, thought Al, we had a freshman class but no school.</P>
<P>That was the start of it all: Aspen State Teacher’s College, a spoof in which "the whole town is the college. Classes are taught everywhere."</P>
<P>Al was in the printing business (not to mention a very strange puzzle contest "business"). It was a natural fit to produce a handbook and a school paper called "The Clean Sweep." Al, known as Dean Fulton Begley, teamed up with Slats Cabbage and Aspen State Teachers College became very real (including T-shirts, a marching band, a football team that always won by default) to all of us "students of the ’70s."Don’t miss the ASTC alumni reunion at the Elks on Oct. 8. We are still trying to find someone who actually graduated.</P></FONT><FONT face="Comic Sans MS" size=2>
<P>–</FONT><FONT size=2><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Maddy Lieb, Class of ...</FONT></P></FONT>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Crystal Palace Not Always So Palatial</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/crystal-palace-not-always-so-palatial.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:9e926924-99bd-48fc-b7b5-d21a72aa7edf</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Transportation" />
		<category term="City and County" />
		<category term="Mining" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:23:55Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:23:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">Crystal Palace Not Always So Palatial</span><br></p>
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<p><span class="headingsub">Yore Aspen</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20070922&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109230065&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20070922&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=109230065&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">The Crystal Palace in 1962, with the Owl Cigars 
advertisement on the side. Aspen Laundry was in the one-story white building to 
the left. (Frank Willoughby/Willoughby collection)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20070922&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109230065&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">September 22, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20070922&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109230065&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Imagine dump trucks inside the Crystal Palace, staying warm so they 
could start on cold winter days to haul miners up the backside of Aspen 
Mountain. Before Mead Metcalf started his dinner theater there, the Midnight 
Mine had its headquarters in the building. It reeked of old timber molds, 
carbide lantern fumes, rock dust and machine lubricants rather than today's 
captivating aromas of broiling prime rib and uncorked merlot.</span><br><br>
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<hr color="#003366" noshade="noshade" size="1" width="100%">
<a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20070922&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109230065&Ref=V2');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20070922&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=109230065&amp;Ref=V2&amp;maxw=200" border="0"></a><br><font face="verdana" size="1">Owned by the Midnight Mine, this 
Coleman truck in 1927 used to park in the Crystal Palace. (Willoughby 
collection)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20070922&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109230065&Ref=V2');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to Enlarge</font></a><br>
<hr color="#003366" noshade="noshade" size="1" width="100%">
</td></tr></tbody></table><span class="body2">The pending change in ownership of 
the Crystal Palace may alter more than names on the title, especially if Mead 
Metcalf takes the stained glass and crystal chandeliers with him. His colorful 
remodel in 1960 made the building more Victorian than it was in 1891 when it was 
built. Victorian structures in Aspen, with the exception of St. Mary's and the 
Community Church, had simple windows of small squares of colored glass 
surrounding plain glass rectangles. Most colorful and elaborate stained glass 
was imported from New Orleans and Denver during the '60s - the 1960s. The Palace 
and other buildings were reinvented more than restored.<br><br>The Palace from 
the mid-1930s to 1951 was the company office of the Midnight Mine, Aspen's major 
employer. It was the ideal building for three reasons. Like most commercial 
buildings in the downtown core, it had a second-floor office area where the 
company could accomplish its paperwork. It had a very large ground floor, big 
enough to park and service its trucks and store equipment and materials. 
Finally, it was just one block from general manager Fred D. Willoughby's home. 
He lived at the corner of Hyman Avenue and Aspen Street in the white house that 
looks today like it looked back then.</span><br><br><span class="body2">In its 
Victorian heyday the Crystal Palace was a commission house much like today's 
wholesale distribution warehouses. Goods traded hands on the ground floor where 
ice cut from Hallam Lake cooled a walk-in meat storage box. E.M Cooper was the 
proprietor in the early 1900s and in addition to White Owl cigars, as advertised 
on the exterior wall, he sold produce grown in the agricultural boom areas of 
Delta and Mesa counties. <br><br>The Midnight Mine acquired the building after 
it had been abandoned for a number of years. The older roof was flat and in 
desperate need of repair. The Midnight changed the pitch to shed snow, giving 
the building the odd shape it has today.<br><br>The Midnight office accommodated 
55 employees in the 1940s. Miners and mill operators worked both day and night 
shifts, plus the building was the center of business activities and vehicle 
repair. As Willoughby served as mayor of Aspen through many of those years, it 
also doubled as an unofficial city hall office. <br><br>Aspen's elevation is too 
high for most fruit trees. Crabapples are one of the few species to prosper. The 
Monarch side of the building provides great sun exposure with the brick wall 
holding enough heat to incubate trees. Begun with an apparent toss of a plum 
seed, a tree still grows there. The Midnight staff marveled at the seedling's 
survival and gauged the passing of years by the growth of the 
tree.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Other than The Aspen Times and a few 
lodges, it's unusual for commercial buildings in Aspen to retain the same use 
over the long term. Metcalf's nearly half-century as the occupant of this 
building has provided countless visitors with a unique Aspen experience. Old 
buildings, especially the brick commercial-core buildings of Aspen, are hard to 
maintain and to adapt to modern uses but their historical soul is a major 
ingredient in the Aspen ambiance.<br><br>May the next occupant make the most of 
the legacy.<br><br><i>Tim Willoughby's family story parallels Aspen's. He began 
sharing folklore while a teacher for Aspen Country Day School and Colorado 
Mountain College. Now a tourist in his native town, he views it with historical 
perspective. He can be contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>. </i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>First Grade Fears in 1914</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/first-grade-fears-in-1914.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:ecd4714c-abc0-4222-8187-b6a7cfd2ac19</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="school" />
		<category term="characters" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Other" />
		<category term="Family" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:22:36Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:21:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">First Grade Fears in 1914</span><br></p>
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<p><span class="headingsub">Yore Aspen</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20070929&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109300072&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20070929&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=109300072&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">Washington School in Aspen's West End. (Willoughby 
collection)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20070929&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109300072&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">September 29, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20070929&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=109300072&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Starting school is a tough transition for children. The prevalence 
of preschool has eased the transition between home and school, but the first few 
weeks are still a challenge for 5- and 6-year-olds.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Kindergarten teachers tell hundreds of humorous stories about the 
distorted perceptions and fearful experience of first-timers. The student who 
asks, "Is it lunch yet?" a half-hour after the day starts. "Did I eat my lunch?" 
asked a half-hour after the PB and J was consumed. Finding their lunch, knowing 
what to do with an unpeeled orange, and the buckets of tears shed over the 
slightest deviation from a home routine round out those long first days in 
school.<br><br>When my mother started first grade in 1914 there were more 
ominous challenges. <br><br>For one, it wasn't until the 1970s that there was a 
larger first-grade class. Aspen was a shrinking-but-still-large town in 1914. 
The Panic of 1907 had cut the population of the county by 25 percent but in 1910 
it was still 4,600, about half the size of Albuquerque at that time. The 1914 
first grade was the last big class. In 1917-1918, Aspen's largest mine, the 
Smuggler, shut down over an electricity rate dispute and the influenza struck, 
reducing Aspen's population an additional 30 percent. <br><br>Like most cities 
of the time, Aspen was proud of its schools. Aspen had three elementary schools: 
Lincoln, Garfield and Washington. In the beginning they were multi-grade 
schools, each located in a different section of town. When the Washington School 
opened in the West End in 1890, they began separating students by grade rather 
than by location. First through fourth grades were located at the Washington 
School.</span><br><br><span class="body2">There was no kindergarten in Aspen's 
schools until 1955, so my mother entered school in first grade at the Washington 
School. Most students in those days did not make it through high school, leaving 
after eighth grade. The Washington School was a large, permanent brick structure 
with big windows and Victorian flourishes, larger than the high school and still 
a "modern" model, but it had one component that confounded my mother.<br><br>In 
1914, indoor plumbing was rare. Children like my mother were used to using an 
outhouse. Her term was "the chick sail," a name popularized from a play about an 
outhouse builder written by Chick Sale. Cold in the winter, smelly and always 
too far from where ever you were, they still served their purpose. Spiders and 
bees were a bother, and children always feared they might fall through the hole 
into the gaping pit below.<br><br>The Washington School had a more modern 
facility, an indoor one. It was located in the basement and had a whole line of 
holes. What filled my mother with fear was that instead of the usual pit there 
was a continuously running torrent of water running below the holes, a kind of 
partially open sewer. Further complicating the situation, the holes were not 
calibrated for first-graders; they were adult size. At least they seemed that 
way to a first-grader.</span><br><br><span class="body2">"I was so afraid I would 
fall through and be carried off to God knows where," my mother told me. 
<br><br>She remembered little else from her first year of school. A 6-year old's 
nightmare aged into a senior's amusing remembrance.<br><br><i>Tim Willoughby's 
family story parallels Aspen's. He began sharing folklore while a teacher for 
Aspen Country Day School and Colorado Mountain College. Now a tourist in his 
native town, he views it with historical perspective. He can be contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>. </i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Made In Aspen</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/made-in-aspen.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:2864a559-ef92-47fb-bb55-e77faa637b72</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Other" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Mining" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:21:37Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:20:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">Made In Aspen</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071006&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110070054&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20071006&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=110070054&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">The Durant Mine fabrication shop could make almost 
anything. (Willoughby photo collection)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071006&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110070054&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">October 6, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071006&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110070054&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Fifty years ago you would often encounter abandoned mining and 
milling equipment around Aspen's periphery. Many items had manufacturer's names 
and "New York, N.Y." stamped into the thick cast iron with dates from 
pre-railroad times.</span><br><br><span class="body2">How could heavy and often 
large pieces of machinery have been moved so far? Although Columbia University 
was a major mining and engineering school and its students did summer 
internships in Aspen's mines, that connection does not explain the mystery. 
<br><br>The explanation was a common practice in the earliest years. Aspen mines 
made some of the equipment in Aspen using plans they bought from companies 
headquartered in New York.<br><br>An example was the Durant Mine machine shop. 
In its prime it could build almost anything. The blacksmiths and machinists 
created from scratch, repaired, modified and assembled equipment delivered by 
train. <br><br>Mining and milling equipment was manufactured from very thick, 
but brittle, cast iron that was prone to rapid destruction. In the clash of 
metal against rock, rock often won. Mine machine shops battled to keep up with 
repairs. Steam-driven equipment required boilers that developed leaks whenever a 
rivet worked loose. Rock drills vibrated like present-day jackhammers, expanding 
any metal weakness into fissures. Any metal part fractures under constant use 
and the extreme weights that mining imposes.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Blacksmiths turned out everything from hinges to intricate fixtures. 
Even today in former mining locations you can find locally forged square nails. 
In a few places you may see metal pipe that was made by curling longs strips of 
thick metal and riveting it every half-foot to hold the edges together. 
<br><br>Until about 1890, San Francisco foundries were the major manufacturers 
of mining equipment. With the advent of the continental railroad, eastern 
companies began shipping equipment westward. Closer to western mines, Denver, 
Salt Lake City and Butte, Mont., dominated the business. After trains reached 
Aspen in 1887, and in 1888 when standard-gauge trains could haul heavy loads, 
most equipment came from out of town. Cheap shipping methods, and the 
development of steel for building, shifted many Aspen mine structures, like 
hoisting head frames, from wood to steel. <br><br>Aspen was the first mining 
town to replace steam power with electricity. One consequence was that there was 
less boiler repair, but electric motors became the new shop activity. Aspen 
Novelty Works, operated by the Blackburn brothers, on the corner of Hyman Avenue 
and Mill Street, offered rewinding for dynamos and motors and other electrical 
repairs. At another location they sold and repaired traditional mining 
machinery.<br><br>The 1890s were the height of American machinery. There seemed 
to be no end to how powerful an engine could be or how huge a drive wheel could 
be forged. Aspen used the biggest and best and manufactured some of its 
own.</span><br><br><span class="body2"><i>Tim Willoughby's family story parallels 
Aspen's. He began sharing folklore while a teacher for Aspen Country Day School 
and Colorado Mountain College. Now a tourist in his native town, he views it 
with historical perspective. He can be contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>. </i></span><br><br><!-- END CONTENT --></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Jeep Brakes and the Wonderful Willys</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/jeep-brakes-and-the-wonderful-willys.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:1ce132fb-3f49-47ae-84c6-d780d6d1c093</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Other" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Transportation" />
		<category term="Skiing" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:20:06Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:19:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">Jeep Brakes and the Wonderful Willys</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071013&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110140084&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20071013&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=110140084&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">Jeanne Willoughby Englert sitting atop a 1950s 
Willys in front of what later became La Cocina restaurant on East Hopkins 
Avenue. (Doris Willoughby/Willoughby photo collection)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071013&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110140084&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">October 13, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071013&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110140084&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Recently a caller to National Public Radio's "Car Talk" asked if 
something could be done about his Jeep brakes. The Magliozzi brothers' answer 
was a derisive laugh. Jeeps are notorious for poor brakes. They became dangerous 
when they put bigger motors in them so they could go faster than the brakes 
could slow them down. <br><br>In the 1950s, Jeeps were the vehicles of choice 
for anyone in Aspen who could afford one. They were the perfect match for 
Aspen's unpaved streets and the most reliable way to navigate deep snow in the 
winter. The Willys Jeep, made by Kaiser in Toledo, Ohio, was not designed for 
fast travel. Speeds over 45 mph could be attained only if you were traveling 
downhill on pavement. At 35 mph on gravel washboard surfaces like Maroon and 
Castle Creek roads, you signed up for a noisy, teeth-shattering 
ride.</span><br><br><span class="body2">But if you wanted to tackle Aspen Mountain 
you could slip the Willys CJ (civilian jeep) into four-wheel-low range and it 
would purr straight up Little Nell. The low gearing enabled it to climb any 
slope at any altitude, even with its low-horsepower, four-cylinder engine. 
<br><br>Coming down was more interesting. You could stand on the brakes and even 
at slow speeds you might not stop, at least not for a long, nail-biting 
distance. However, shifting into low range held your speed to a reasonable 
crawl. Many Aspenites tell stories of careening down Aspen Mountain or Pearl 
Pass, top to bottom, with no brakes at all. Not by choice, but because their 
brakes had gone out altogether. <br><br>Then there was that other Willys 
quirk.<br><br>While going downhill with the gears holding back the speed, a bump 
from hitting a rock (on four-wheel-drive roads that's all there is) could throw 
the vehicle out of gear. The law of unanticipated consequences ordained this 
catastrophe when you were on the steepest grade, the sharpest turn and the 
narrowest of roads with a precipitous cliff alongside as far ahead as you could 
see.</span><br><br><span class="body2">John Healy worked on all the Jeeps in 
Aspen, making him the most likely the national Willys expert. He devised and 
patented a device to keep jeeps from slipping out of gear, and installed it on 
many Aspen jeeps. Who knows how many fatalities he prevented. <br><br>Some Jeeps 
had a forward-facing back seat, but most didn't. Children, or any other 
passengers, sat facing sideways on the narrow metal benches above the rear 
wheels. There was just enough room for a big dog and a small child, or a big 
child and a small dog, and a couple bags of groceries. <br><br>There was no 
upholstery in a Jeep. The only hint of extravagance was a tiny glove compartment 
where you could keep a spare fan belt. Early models, which lacked a keyed 
ignition, sported a button you pushed to run the starter motor. That was OK in 
Aspen because most people, even if they had keys, left them in their 
vehicles.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Except for the brake, the Willys was 
one of the most reliable and durable vehicles ever built. They started in the 
coldest weather and required minimal maintenance. Because you wouldn't take a 
trip to Denver in one, and usually just used them to get around town, even the 
old ones had low mileage accumulations.<br><br>Those blessed with having one 
will never part with it. Admire them, but if you see one coming up fast in your 
rearview mirror, then remember their brakes. <br><br><i>Tim Willoughby's family 
story parallels Aspen's. He began sharing folklore while a teacher for Aspen 
Country Day School and Colorado Mountain College. Now a tourist in his native 
town, he views it with historical perspective. He can be contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>.</i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Clearing the grizzly - mining's most dangerous job</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/clearing-the-grizzly--minings-most-dangerous-job.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:5d0116e4-99de-4b65-aa57-eed03f934db4</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Mining" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:19:04Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:18:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">Clearing the grizzly - mining's most dangerous 
job</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071020&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110210068&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20071020&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=110210068&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071020&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110210068&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">October 20, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071020&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110210068&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Blasting required careful handling of explosives. Drilling was a 
silent killer from rock dust cutting up your lungs. But the really dangerous job 
was tending to the "grizzly" - and that didn't mean chasing bears 
away.<br><br>Mining is the business of moving quantities of heavy rock, and the 
more mineral content the heavier the load. A pile of mineral-bearing ore the 
size of a hay bale weighs about a ton. For this reason miners prefer to work 
using gravity rather than against it.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Large 
mines drive tunnels below ore deposits and then work their way up. Using this 
"caving" method, miners easily move tons of material from the ore source to 
waiting mine cars for transportation out of the tunnel. The connection is like a 
laundry chute, usually about 3 to 5 feet in diameter, and sometimes more than 
100 feet long.<br><br>Ore dumped into the chute from above, because it was 
basically in free fall, could do great damage if left to fall all the way to the 
waiting mine car below. The grizzly was a large grate, made of logs or steel, 
placed near the end of the fall to slow the flow.<br><br>Because the grizzly was 
a grid of squares about a foot wide, larger rocks would get caught and 
eventually block the flow of ore. Men were employed to keep the grizzly free and 
to dislodge rocks stuck in the chute.</span><br><br><span class="body2">My father, 
20 years old in 1926, decided to leave Aspen to "experience the world." The 
Depression had already begun in the West. He was a skilled miner, having worked 
in Aspen's mines in the summers and on weekends since he was 14, and he talked 
his way into a job at the copper mine in Miami, Ariz. It was a swing shift 
clearing the grizzlies, but he was lucky to find any work at all. <br><br>The 
work, at first, was not too strenuous because the copper ore was soft compared 
to Aspen's silver-lead-zinc ore. It was easy to break up the rock using a 
sledgehammer. It was hazardous because someone far above might push ore into the 
chute to fall on the unsuspecting workers below. In earlier years ore was sent 
down continuously; workers moved back and forth at the side of the grizzly, 
dodging rocks. It was not unusual to have teens doing this work, and injuries 
and fatalities were common.<br><br>Clearing the chutes was even more of a 
challenge. The usual method was to climb up the chute, like bouldering today, 
wedging between the sides, carrying an explosive attached on the end of a 
10-foot pole. Once under the snag you could push the charges between the lodged 
boulders. The explosive was 40 percent nitroglycerine in a gelatin stick form. 
You set it off using electric primer wires. A day of blasting would fill the 
tight air spaces with blasting fumes. At the end of the shift, pills were issued 
to deal with the headaches from the explosive smoke.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Being young with no fear of death, my father's partner was placing 
the charges without using the pole. He would climb right into the tangled rocks. 
No matter how you did this job, there was always the chance that while setting 
the charges you might dislodge the rocks above you, many weighing much more than 
you did, and they would fall on top of you and force you down the 
chute.<br><br>One day his partner went up the chute to free a stuck chute door 
from below. The door was in the middle, so after he opened it an unexpected 
amount of material rushed past him and then got stuck on the grizzly below him. 
There was no way for him to make his way up to the top of the chute, so he was 
stuck there for 10 hours until the grizzly could be freed and the material 
pulled out.<br><br>Fortunately, after a few anxious days working the grizzly, my 
father was moved to tunnel timbering, a much safer and more skilled position. 
Miners at the time worked six days a week and were paid $5 a shift. There was a 
medical benefit, though: The mine had an unmanned underground medical station. 
Your chances were not much better than if you had been attacked by a grizzly 
bear.</span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Spring Ahead - Fall Back?</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/spring-ahead--fall-back.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:84579327-486d-4488-8088-91ab74a2f0f3</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Other" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Events" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:17:17Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:16:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">Spring Ahead - Fall Back?</span><br></p>
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<p><span class="headingsub">Yore Aspen</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071027&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110280080&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20071027&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=110280080&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">Changing the time was a bit of work on this clock 
gracing the lobby of the Hotel Jerome. (T. Willoughby)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071027&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110280080&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">October 27, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071027&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=110280080&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">The 
phrase for remembering what to do with your clocks makes it easy to handle 
daylight saving time (DST). It wasn't always so simple in Aspen; you really 
needed two clocks to track time.<br><br>Aspen has a long history of wanting to 
pioneer new ideas. This was especially true in the 1960s. While the rest of the 
state debated whether to go on daylight saving time, Aspen decided it was such a 
good idea that it would go it alone.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Even though 
daylight saving time had been implemented nationally during both world wars and 
some European countries had been using it since 1918, the elderly, who tend to 
be early risers and uncomfortable with change, complained. I remember my 
great-aunt being most upset. She collected cuckoo clocks. It was always 
interesting to visit her because they were not all set on the same time and one 
clock or another would gong, clang or cuckoo every few minutes.<br><br>"I'm just 
not going to change the time on my clocks," she said.<br><br>The agricultural 
communities of Colorado had the most influence in the state Legislature, and 
they were unanimously opposed to daylight saving time. Local ranchers said, 
"Animals run on sun time." Feeding one hour earlier than "bright and early" was 
just not going to happen.<br><br>The staunchest opponents to Aspen's solo clock 
change came from those who did not live in Aspen. What time would you run on if 
you lived in Watson or Snowmass? Would the school bus run on state time or Aspen 
time? People would come to town for an appointment and forget about the 
difference in time. With doctors often being an hour behind schedule in the late 
afternoon anyway, it didn't always matter. Complicating matters, the post office 
and state offices were required to operate on standard time.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Fishermen found fixing the time to be a great advantage. Aspen 
stores for years had closed at 5:30 or 6 p.m. and, without DST, fishing after 
work was limited. An extra hour on the streams saved more than time; it may have 
saved the day. <br><br>Concerts at the often-cold tent were a bit warmer. 
Working gardeners found more time to pull weeds even though the daylight saved 
did not extend the growing season.<br><br>People outside Aspen thought the town 
had gone crazy. They already believed people who lived there had "no common 
sense" so Aspen continued to serve as the punch line for numerous jokes. 
<br><br>Aspen was saved in 1966 when Congress established a national time 
standard. It did so because, between 1960 and 1966, some states, counties and 
cities, including Chicago, had gone on DST while others had not. The Aspen 
problem had gone national. By 1966, 100 million Americans used DST. The act 
required each state to go "all on" or "all off."</span><br><br><span class="body2">The statewide debate pitted the outdoor community against the 
entrenched traditionalists. It's hard to believe, but much of the opposition 
arose because some people couldn't figure out what to do with their clocks, and 
many had no understanding about time in general. One opponent said, "The extra 
hour of sunlight is burning up my yard." Another said, "Government has no 
business fiddling with God's time."<br><br>You would think that after 40 years 
of DST the idea would have taken root, but in 2000 Mary Anne Tebedo of Colorado 
Springs introduced a bill to take Colorado off DST. The legislation 
failed.<br><br>The music group Chicago's song "Does Anybody Really Know What 
Time It Is?" was released just after Aspen's DST affair. It really resonated 
with anyone who lived through Aspen's timely "experiment."<br><br><i>Tim 
Willoughby's family story parallels Aspen's. He began sharing folklore while a 
teacher for Aspen Country Day School and Colorado Mountain College. Now a 
tourist in his native town, he views it with historical perspective. He can be 
contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>.</i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Jeep Tales and Tips</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/jeep-tales-and-tips.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:a6b5aea1-e880-41d0-b4df-e02b798f2f4a</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Transportation" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:16:07Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:15:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[Many additional comments could be added to Tim Willoughby's Jeep article ("Jeep 
Brakes and the Wonderful Willys," Yore Aspen, Oct. 13). For nearly 40 years, I 
have had a '63 Jeep in Aspen. Bought secondhand, it has about every accessory 
possible. The original owner added a Dodge brake booster that works fine. Brakes 
are not the big problem on part of the Pearl Pass road where you need some 
people outriggers to keep from rolling. 60 mph is OK in overdrive.<br><br>Roland 
Fischer<br>Lakewood, Colo.]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Aspen bucked political fashion then, too</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/aspen-bucked-political-fashion-then-too.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:71da82d8-60f0-4ea6-a39b-336f5d6249a5</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Politics" />
		<category term="Other" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:14:41Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:14:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">Aspen bucked political fashion then, 
too</span><br></p>
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<p><span class="headingsub">Yore Aspen</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071103&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=111040076&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20071103&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=111040076&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">Republican headquarters, on Mill Street behind the 
Wheeler Opera House, in 1900 Aspen. The photos in the window are presidential 
candidate William McKinley and running mate Theodore Roosevelt. (Courtesy Aspen 
Historical Society)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071103&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=111040076&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">November 3, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071103&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=111040076&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">"Some unseen force is hard at work to hold back the figures until 
they are right," reported The Aspen Democrat the day after the 1906 election. 
The charge was leveled against an official in Arapahoe County, where the vote 
count for several judges was very close. Election fraud was as much an issue 
then as now, and for good reason.</span><br><br><span class="body2">A century ago 
Aspen still had a fairly large population, and Pitkin County's votes accounted 
for about 1 percent of the statewide tally. Pitkin County cast 1,979 votes in 
1906 compared to 6,717 in 2006. However, in 1906 all but 338 of those votes came 
from Aspen. Most of the other votes were from the Watson precinct (Aspen Village 
area) and Redstone. Ashcroft boasted a dozen voters. <br><br>Republicans made a 
clean sweep in 1906 but not in Pitkin County. As has often been the case, Aspen 
bucked the state trend and voted for Democrats. In the governor's race Democrat 
Alva Adams garnered 40 percent of Pitkin voters while the winning Republican 
candidate received only 29 percent, barely ahead of the Socialist Party 
candidate. An independent candidate received about 10 percent. "Third party" 
candidates enjoyed near parity with the major parties during this period, 
especially the Socialist and Populist parties.<br><br>Alva Adams was one of 
Colorado's best-known politicians. He was elected governor three times with 
breaks between each term. The Ute Uprising took place during his first term. At 
the onset of his second term, in 1897, he had to deal with a miner's strike in 
Leadville. Miners, who had made a deal with owners pressed by the Panic of 1893 
to lower wages, struck to restore $3-a-day wages. The National Guard had been 
sent to defend the position of the owners. Just after taking office, Adams 
removed the Guard and established the State Board of Arbitration to settle 
future strikes.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Adams won again in 1904, the 
most contentious election in the state's history. Each side accused the other of 
election fraud. In the Denver area, Democrats got more votes than there were 
voters. Republicans were accused of forcing thousands of immigrant workers to 
vote for their candidates or lose their jobs. The postelection fight continued 
into the Legislature. After a bitter battle, Adams stepped down as governor, the 
Republican runner-up was bypassed and another Republican, the lieutenant 
governor, was appointed as governor. Adams' streak of three victories ended with 
his 1906 loss to Republican Augustus Buchtel, who during his two-year term 
regulated businesses and built many bridges, miles of highway, and state 
buildings.<br><br>State office races got more attention than federal ones at the 
turn of the century. Of equal importance were judgeships, especially the state 
Supreme Court. During this business reform period, voters followed closely the 
rulings of state judges as well as the battles between capital and labor. The 
Western Federation of Miners, one of the first successful labor organizations, 
was especially involved in judicial races. Candidates were recruited, groomed 
and promoted by political parties. Every voter knew judges' personalities, 
partisanship and judicial preferences. Democrats' only statewide victories in 
1906 were Supreme Court seats.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Nevertheless, 
Democrats swept local offices. The only Republican to win in Aspen was Henry 
Beck, who joined the 75 percent Republican majority in the state Legislature in 
electing Simon Guggenheim to be senator. Henry Beck immigrated to America from 
Sweden, worked in the Lake Superior iron mines and moved to Aspen from Leadville 
in 1892. He owned and operated a wholesale liquor business and invested in 
mining. Henry was the patriarch of generations of Aspen Becks. Guggenheim served 
one term and then moved to New York, where he assumed the presidency of the 
American Smelting and Refining Company and became a noted 
philanthropist.<br><br><i>Tim Willoughby's family story parallels Aspen's. He 
began sharing folklore while a teacher for Aspen Country Day School and Colorado 
Mountain College. Now a tourist in his native town, he views it with historical 
perspective. He can be contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>.</i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>Yore Aspen - Aspen’s not-so picturesque head-frames</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/yore-aspen--aspens-notso-picturesque-headframes.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:febc4c91-8fa6-4506-9a57-7de53ed67ef6</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Other" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Transportation" />
		<category term="Mining" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:13:43Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:12:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">Yore Aspen</span><br></p>
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<p><span class="headingsub">Aspen’s not-so picturesque head-frames</span><br></p>
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">November 10, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071110&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=71108029&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Head-frames are the iconic symbol of Western mining towns. 
Photogenic and predominant, they mark the entrances to the mother lode. You know 
you are nearing a mining town when you spot a head-frame, especially in Nevada 
ghost towns where the landscape is devoid of trees. They, however, did not 
denote Aspen’s mining industry.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Head-frames, 
also called gallows frames, are the vertical structures with a wheel on the top 
above a mine shaft. They provide the means for hoisting material up and down. 
Pragmatic engineering does not call for much more than a well-anchored tripod, 
but pride and a little one-upmanship often led to elaborate structures that 
could tower a hundred feet with complex and esthetically placed cross-bracing. 
Mine owners and mining towns built these elaborate structures to lure Eastern 
stock investors who gauged the potential size of an ore vein by the size and 
permanence of a town or mine’s infrastructure.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Most Aspen head-frames were for shallow shafts 200 feet deep or 
less. Three tall trees forming a pyramid with a pulley wheel attached to the top 
sufficed. Hemp rope, not metal cable, connected a bucket on one end to a spool 
cylinder called a windlass at the other end. Harnessed horses and mules powered 
the windlasses by walking in circles around the rope spool. Miners called these 
contraptions “horse whims.” Shallow mines quickly ran out of ore, if they 
uncovered any at all, and disappeared as fast as they were 
built.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Most Aspen ore veins were accessed 
through horizontal tunnels driven in from the valley walls. As one entered Aspen 
from the west, mining announced itself with long piles of waste material dumped 
at the mouths of the tunnels. Well into the 1950s, buildings perched atop the 
mine dumps. The telltale large-scale mining feature, tram cables, ascended Aspen 
Mountain just like the gondola and ski lifts proclaim a different kind of wealth 
today.</span><br><br><span class="body2">Few large head-frames appeared in Aspen’s 
skyline. They were, by Western mining standards, very modern and did not fit the 
stereotype because some were unadorned steel structures. The Silver Queen and 
Free Silver head-frames on the Smuggler Mountain side of town were tall, simple, 
straight, four-posted steel towers sitting above Aspen’s deepest shafts. The 
Free Silver three-compartment shaft at 1,200 feet deep comprised a more 
impressive structure than its head-frame.</span><br><br><span class="body2">The 
Aspen Deep Shaft for the Aspen Mine was constructed using thick 14-by-14-inch 
timbers. Had it stood alone at its low Aspen Mountain location, just above the 
end of Galena Street, it would have been Aspen’s iconic mining structure. As 
such it might even have been saved for its historic value. But it was part of a 
large building, not a stand-alone structure.</span><br><br><span class="body2">The 
head-frames higher up on the mountainsides were inside of buildings built over 
the shaft. Mines operated year-round, and snow and ice on the hoisting cable, 
water draining down a shaft, and the general complications of operating outdoors 
had to be addressed. Most of these buildings were no more than two stories, 
requiring a relatively small indoor head-frame. As a general rule the higher the 
head-frame the deeper the shaft. <br><br>Steel framework was salvaged for scrap 
metal for the war effort in the early 1940s. Most of Aspen’s larger head-frames 
were gone by 1956. <br><br>Paintings and photographs of head-frames like those 
of the Matchless Mine in Leadville or those along the Denver-to-Glenwood 
interstate corridor are a Colorado tourist staple. But none of Aspen’s 
head-frames remain because, let’s be honest, they were not at all 
picturesque.<br><br><i>Tim Willoughby’s family story parallels Aspen’s. He began 
sharing folklore while a teacher for Aspen Country Day School and Colorado 
Mountain College. Now a tourist in his native town, he views it with historical 
perspective. He can be contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a></i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>A microbrewery in the middle of Aspen</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/a-microbrewery-in-the-middle-of-aspen.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:62cb0a02-205f-4e60-a94e-464542c27c20</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Night Life" />
		<category term="Other" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="Family" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:12:02Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:11:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">A microbrewery in the middle of Aspen</span><br></p>
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<p><span class="headingsub">Yore Aspen</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071117&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=71115012&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20071117&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=71115012&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">Turn-of-the-century Aspenites put zing in their 
lives with Zang’s Beer. Fred Willoughby is shown circa 1925 in front of Sanders 
Warehouse and Brewery. (Willoughby Collection)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071117&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=71115012&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">November 17, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071117&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=71115012&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Microbreweries have made a comeback at the same time the big brand 
names are buying each other out. Breweries and beer distributors proliferated in 
Western mining towns until prohibition forced breweries like Stroh Brewery 
Company to use their refrigeration to make ice cream instead of beer, and women 
in the temperance movement curtailed alcoholic consumption. Aspen had its own 
brewery across Mill Street from the Hotel Jerome.<br><br>One of the few joys a 
miner had to look forward to after arduous hours in the depths of the earth was 
a mug of beer or a shot of whiskey. It was often the reward of brew that made 
him forget the dirt in his lungs and the aches in his muscles. Like the sailors 
on whaling and Navy ships in the last century who were paid with daily doses of 
alcohol, miners had a symbiotic relationship with alcohol. Men dominated mining 
camps, and saloons outnumbered churches.<br><br>Mr. C. Sanders satisfied Aspen 
miners’ inclination to imbibe. Sanders, a native of Indiana, came to Colorado in 
1864 and moved to Aspen in 1885. His first name was Christ, but for obvious 
reasons, he referred to himself as “C.” He built a warehouse and brewery on Mill 
Street above where the Pitkin County Library is now located.<br><br>Mr. Sanders’ 
plant cost $23,000 — a sum equivalent to the cost of building many of Aspen’s 
surviving Victorian business buildings. The brewery had the capacity to make 20 
barrels of beer a day. Sanders supplemented his own product by becoming the 
middleman for other more famous brands. He was the local agent for Schlitz beer 
and was also the distributor for Zang’s beer, a popular brew at the time in 
Aspen.<br><br>It is not known whether Sanders advertised his beer as being 
brewed from “pure Rocky Mountain spring water,” or even if it was any good. His 
closest source of water was the Roaring Fork River. If he did tap into the 
Roaring Fork for water to make his beer, he most likely connected near where 
Aspen’s main sewer line dumped untreated sewage into the river. It is more 
likely that he simply used city tap water.<br><br>Sanders was not the only 
distributor of spirits in Aspen. Henry Beck had a wholesale liquor business. He 
imported wines and was the local distributor for Manitou mineral water that you 
could use to cure your kidneys after alcohol destroyed them. Beck also operated 
the Aspen Bottling Works. Smaller local operations came and went over the years, 
and many local saloons were supplied by out-of-town distributors. Most liquor 
distributors also sold cigars.<br><br>Reputable liquor retailers often made 
mention that the whiskey they sold came from “government bonded” distributors. 
This implied “safe to drink.” Beck and Saunders had to compete with moonshine 
manufacturers. Leadville was notorious for its illegal production of 
alcohol.<br><br>Aspen’s brewing tradition ended years ago but members of the 
Coors, Pabst and Stroh brewing families have maintained residences in Aspen. Is 
it time for the next generation of brewers to open a microbrewery in Aspen? Ajax 
Ale? Basalt Beer? Downhill Draft? Cold Conundrum Classic?<br><br><i>Tim 
Willoughby’s family story parallels Aspen’s. He began sharing folklore while a 
teacher for Aspen Country Day School and Colorado Mountain College. Now a 
tourist in his native town, he views it with historical perspective. He can be 
contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>.</i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<title>1907 Panic mirrors 2007 — sort of</title>
		<link rel="alternate" href="http://blog.aspenhistorysociety.com/2008/03/06/1907-panic-mirrors-2007--sort-of.aspx" />
		<id>tag:blog.aspenhistorysociety.com,2008-03-06:20e95ebb-d0f0-4533-96b2-de62155ea90e</id>
		<author>
			<name>Your Story</name>
		</author>
		<category term="Community" />
		<category term="Activism" />
		<category term="Other" />
		<category term="Culture" />
		<category term="City and County" />
		<category term="Events" />
		<updated>2008-03-06T15:10:50Z</updated>
		<published>2008-03-06T15:10:00Z</published>
		<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><span class="headingstory">1907 Panic mirrors 2007 — sort of</span><br></p>
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<td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee"><a href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071124&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=71123018&Ref=AR');"><img alt="" src="http://atimg.sv.publicus.com/apps/pbcsi.dll/bilde?Site=AT&amp;Date=20071124&amp;Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&amp;ArtNo=71123018&amp;Ref=AR&amp;maxw=298" border="0"></a><br></td></tr>
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<td><font face="verdana" size="1">No customers are waiting in line for account 
withdrawals at The State Bank of Aspen, at the corner of Hyman and Galena, 
before the Panic of 1907. (Willoughby Collection)</font><br><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(600,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/misc?url=/mal/zoom.pbs&Site=AT&Date=20071124&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=71123018&Ref=AR');"><font face="verdana" size="1">Click to 
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<p><span class="name">Tim Willoughby</span><br><span class="date">November 24, 
2007</span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="displaybody"><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><img alt="Comment" src="/graphics/comment.gif" align="absmiddle" border="0" height="14" width="25"><a class="link" href="javascript:NewWindow(320,500,'/apps/pbcs.dll/art_tips?Site=AT&Date=20071124&Category=ASPENWEEKLY05&ArtNo=71123018&Ref=AR');"></a></span><br><img src="/graphics/spacer.gif" border="0" height="10" width="1"><br><span class="body2">Bank 
shares fall from faulty loans. Countrywide’s sub-prime loans fail. Brokerage 
firms use off-the-books accounting in an attempt to cover it up. The national 
economy is in jeopardy. Federal government covers cash crunch. Just change the 
names in today’s news and you hearken back to the Panic of 1907.<br><br>Aspen 
was never immune to national economic trends. In fact they were magnified for 
miners. Recessions meant low silver prices. Panics destroyed outside investment 
in mineral exploration. The economic downturns of 1893, 1907 and 1929 were the 
bleakest.<br><br>“We the undersigned banks have concluded it wise to protect our 
customers by adopting the same rule which is in use by the Denver Clearing House 
association, and will hereafter pay only one hundred dollars in currency to any 
one account, either certificates of or check accounts, in any one week, until 
further notice,” Aspen’s banks, The State Bank of Aspen and People’s National 
Bank, announced in November 1907.<br><br>That announcement occurred just one 
week after The State Bank had pledged that it would pay the $40,000 payroll of 
the Smuggler and Durant mines in cash. Miners in Nevada had gone on strike 
because they were being paid in script.<br><br>The Panic of 1907, also known as 
the Banker’s Panic, had its roots in the recession of 1906. The stock market 
lost half its value. J.P. Morgan, in an effort to take control of all electric 
power, started a rumor that Westinghouse Electric, the competition to his 
General Electric, was insolvent. Westinghouse stock tumbled.<br><br>Over 
speculation by banks and trusts, and exuberant attempts to buy out corporations, 
drained banks of their cash reserves. A loan from the Knickerbocker Trust 
Company to buy United Copper led to a failure of that trust and a precipitous 
drop in metal prices. The National Bank of North America failed and started runs 
on other New York banks. Across the nation, depositors rushed to their banks to 
retrieve what little they could.<br><br>David Hyman (the eponym of Hyman Avenue 
in Aspen), major owner and developer of the Smuggler and Durant mines, did much 
at this time to support the survival of Aspen. He recalls in his autobiography, 
“suddenly values of all kinds on the N.Y. Stock Exchange began to decline; a 
great money panic took place. The prices of the metals declined just as much as 
securities with the result that ore and concentrates that we had shipped to the 
smelters and upon which we had received an advance measured by the value that 
existed at the time of the shipment, dropped so low that it brought me into a 
considerable indebtedness to the smelting company.” <br><br>In late December 
Hyman ceased production at the Smuggler. He kept the water pumps running to 
protect the lower levels of the mine from flooding, even though the electricity 
was a major expense. He also kept mine engineers on the payroll to maintain the 
mine in a condition to reopen, but miners were put out of work. Aspen’s 
newspaper, always the champion of optimism, pleaded, ”And last, but not least, 
Mr. Miner, don’t leave Aspen. It is still the best camp in the West and what 
money you will spend in search of a new location, and in the end be worse off 
than ever, will keep you all winter here at home.”<br><br>Hyman was no stranger 
to recessions. He had already weathered the Panic of 1893, sustaining great debt 
to keep Aspen’s mines operating. The drop in the price of silver in 1893 took 
place at the same time the Smuggler tapped into the richest deposit of silver 
ore ever discovered in the world. <br><br>The Panic of 1907 for Hyman was a 
serious cash flow crisis. As he describes in his autobiography, “anyone who is 
familiar with the conditions that prevailed in the financial section of the U.S. 
during the summer and fall of 1907 will remember that it was impossible to 
obtain money at any rate of interest.” Fortunately, Hyman had a close 
relationship with the Lehman brothers, who loaned him enough money to send 
Aspen’s miners back to work. <br><br>Hyman’s mine in Idaho did not fare as well. 
He shut off the water pumps and the mine flooded, resulting in great losses that 
were balanced only by Aspen’s survival.<br><br>After the Panic of 1893, many 
Aspen mines had switched from a wage system to employing miners to do all work 
on a contract or lease system. Rather than drawing a daily wage, miners 
contracted to drive a certain distance of tunnel, or they would lease a section 
of a mine. Under a lease, miners paid royalties to the owners on the ore they 
removed. At mines such as the Argentum-Juniata, owners and miners weathered the 
Panic of 1907 by lowering the royalty percentage until metal prices 
improved.<br><br>Every Aspen cloud has a silver lining. In 1907 America was 
still on the gold standard, which was one cause of the shortage of currency. The 
federal government, in a move to avert further bank cash shortages, began 
minting $80,000 in silver coins daily at the Denver mint.<br><br>The federal 
government pumped money into the system to save the biggest banks. In addition, 
J.P. Morgan put together a coalition of investors who pooled their money along 
with foreign country investments to buy sinking stocks and shore up bank runs. 
They succeeded in stopping the downward cycle, but many investors and depositors 
lost money and faith. <br><br>The Panic of 1907 was the impetus for creating the 
Federal Reserve System. Although the economic excesses and foibles of 2007 
mirror those of 1907, a century later the Federal Reserve System provides some 
shelter for banks and our savings. That’s something to think about this 
Thanksgiving. <br><br><i>Tim Willoughby’s family story parallels Aspen’s. He 
began sharing folklore while a teacher for Aspen Country Day School and Colorado 
Mountain College. Now a tourist in his native town, he views it with historical 
perspective. He can be contacted at <a href="mailto:redmtn@schat.net">redmtn@schat.net</a>.</i></span><br></p>]]></content>
	</entry>
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